Saturday, 19 October 2013

GATE Exam Previous year question papers

Get scored in Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering by solving previous year question papers. Click the following link to download previous year question papers and start your preparation. Good Luck!

https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B0DxqsNaC7WTdklJNVJ4U0ZRTzQ/edit?usp=drive_web

To get the syllabus for ECE, Click the following link.

http://knowledgereap.blogspot.in/2013/10/syllabus-of-gate-2014-for-electronics.html

Syllabus of GATE 2014 for ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Syllabus for Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE)

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS

Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors.

Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green’s theorems.

Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method.

Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’ series, Residue theorem, solution integrals.

Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson,Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression analysis.

Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations.

Transform Theory: Fourier transform,Laplace transform, Z-transform.

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Networks: Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cut set and fundamental circuit matrices. Solution methods: nodal and mesh analysis. Network theorems: superposition, Thevenin and Norton’s maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, Solution of network equations usingLaplace transform: frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point and transfer functions. State equations for networks.

Electronic Devices: Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier transport in silicon: diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity. Generation and recombination of carriers.p-n junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo diode, Basics of LASERs. Device technology: integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and twin-tub CMOS process.

Analog Circuits: Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and analog CMOS. Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier.Biasing and bias stability of transistor and FET amplifiers. Amplifiers: single-and multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback, and power. Frequency response of amplifiers.Simple op-amp circuits. Filters. Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp configurations.Function generators and wave-shaping circuits, 555 Timers. Power supplies.

Digital circuits: Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinatorial circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs. Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs. Semiconductor memories. Microprocessor(8085): architecture, programming, memory and I/O interfacing.

Signals and Systems: Definitions and properties ofLaplace transform, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI systems.

Control Systems: Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction of block diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems; transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response. Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators: elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control. State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems.

Communications: Random signals and noise: probability, random variables, probability density function, autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems: amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity theorem. Digital communication systems: pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA and CDMA and GSM.

Electromagnetics: Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl; Gauss’ and Stokes’ theorems, Maxwell’s equations: differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector. Plane waves: propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth. Transmission lines: characteristic impedance; impedance transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation. Waveguides: modes in rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in dielectric waveguide and optical fibers. Basics of Antennas: Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain.

Sunday, 15 September 2013

Puzzle No 4!

This section is for the people who are interested in solving puzzles. Solving puzzles, not only keeps you engaged, but also improves your cognitive skills and Hand-Eye coordination. Puzzles also improves your imagination and creativity. Enjoy your time by solving the following puzzle and give the solution !!!

Equal Sums...

A B C

E F G

Each of the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 is:

[1] Represented by a different letter in the figure above.

[2] Positioned in the figure above so that each of A+B+C, C+D+E, E+F+G, and G+H+I is equal to 13.

Which digit does E represent?

Friday, 13 September 2013

Puzzle No 3!

Names....

Miss Alden, Miss Brent, Miss Clark, Miss Doyle and Miss Evans have short first and middle names.

[1]Four of them have a first or middle name of Fay, three of them have a first or middle name of Hay, two of them have a first or middle name of Kay and one of them has a first or middle name of May.

[2] Either Miss Alden and Miss Brent are both named Kay or Miss Clark and Miss Doyle are both named Kay.

[3] Of Miss Brent and Miss Clark, either both are named Hay or neither is named Hay.

[4] Miss Doyle and Miss Evans are not both named Fay.

Who is named May???

Thursday, 22 August 2013

PUZZLE NO 2!

THE TENNIS PLAYERS

Zita, her brother, and her son are tennis players. As a game of doubles is about to begin:

[1] Zita's brother is directly across the net from her daughter.

[2] Her son is diagonally across the net from the worst player's sibling.

[3] The best player and the worst player are on the same side of the net.

Who is the best player?

Tuesday, 20 August 2013

PUZZLE NO 1 !

THE FIGHT

Two of Anthony, Bernard and Charles are fighting each other.

[1]. The shorter of Anthony and Bernard is the older of the two fighters.

[2]. The younger of Bernard and Charles is the shorter of the two fighters.

[3]. The taller of Anthony and Charles is the younger of the two fighters.

Who is not fighting?

Saturday, 27 July 2013

TWO MARKS AND SIXTEEN MARKS SOLVED FOR ENGINEERING SUBJECTS

Many of the Engineering students are in search of eBooks and e-materials for their studies, in particular with the two mark questions. This post provides you with the two marks and sixteen marks with solution for various Engineering subjects. With the help of these materials, the future engineers will know about the important points and key words, that should be mentioned in the answer script, during their examination. Simply click on the following links to download the solved materials and score good in your examination.

Good Luck!

1. Television and Video Engineering

2. TRANSMISSION LINES AND WAVEGUIDES

3. EC1301 COMMUNICATION THEORY

4. DIGITAL COMMUNICATION
5. CS2204 ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATION
6. EC1402 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION
7. EC2204 MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS
8. EC2303 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND ORGANIZATION
9. EC2403 RF AND MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
10. EC1302 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Saturday, 20 July 2013

How to Crack The Interview

Getting an interview in the current market is tough, so you need to do everything possible to impress and land that job. Here’s help for you to stand out for all the right reasons.

Match your skills to the job specification

Interviews often start with an open question such as “tell me about yourself”. Many candidates fall into the trap of describing their life story or rambling. Start with the present and explain why you are qualified for the position.

Do your homework

Research the company. Its website, press releases and news give you a good insight into its goals and objectives which you can use to ask questions and tie into your answers.

Research your industry

Demonstrating you know what’s going on in a particular industry is great — ask questions about trends, how the company plans to respond and link your -experiences to them.

Practise your interview technique

Ask friends to do mock interviews with you to identify areas to work on.

Prepare examples

Employers want concrete examples to demonstrate your skills and experience. Have at least two examples prepared for each skill area in the job specification and focus on the actions you took and the results you achieved.

Decide what you’re wearing

You don’t want to waste vital preparation time choosing your outfit or going to the dry cleaners, so plan in advance.

Plan your route

Nothing looks worse than an interviewee who arrives late or gets lost. Try to get there 15 minutes early.

If in doubt, ask for clarification

Not only does this stop you from wasting their time, but it demonstrates confidence.

Imagine you’re selling a product

Apply the rules to selling yourself in the interview.

Value yourself

It’s easy to get nervous before interviews but try to keep calm and be as natural as possible.

Body language

To have a successful interveiw and to make a lasting impression, the Body Language is very important. Postures and body movements are unconsious forms of expression and therefore they have a language of their own. We are unaware of our gestures and body movements most of the time, but other people can notice our gestures and movements if they pay attention and know what they mean.

An important thing to be noted here is that body language applies not only to the Interviewer but also to the Interviewee. Also, note that these gestures may happen throughout the conversion or a discussion and they change as the conversation progresses.

The objective of paying attention to nonverbal communication is to help you change the direction of the conversation. If the person is showing negative gestures; then you need to change the topic by asking a new questions or talking about something else.

Here is a comprehensive list of probable body gestures, which you watch out for during the course of a Job interview:

Crossed arms means that person is in a defensive and reserved mood.

Crossed arms and legs means that the person is feeling very reserved and suspicious.

Open arms and hands means that the persion is open and receptive.

Standing before you with hands inside the pockets means he is not sure or fells suspicious.

Standing before you with hands on hips means he is receptive and ready to help you out.

Rubbing the back of head or touching the back of neck means the conversation is not really interesting.

Leaning back in chair with both hands clasped behind head means he is in an analytical mood, but it is also a gesture of superiority.

With the palm holding or supporting chin, he is in an evaluating position and being critical.

Sitting in a chair shaking one of the legs means he feels nervous and uncomfortable.

Rubbing or touching nose when asking a question means he is not telling the complete truth.

If the eyes are downcast and face turned away, it means he is not interested in what you are saying.

If he moves his body and sits with his feet and body pointing towards a door means he wants to end the conversation and leave the room.

If you are nervous try not to show it.

Don't play with your watch, clothes, bag etc. Try to maintain eye contact with the interviewer.

Last but not the least, do not underestimate the importance of your posture and subtle movements.

At Present, we have seen in the Newspapers, Internet and Heard in the TV that in almost all fields of Work , there is a tough competition between the Students , Employees , Workers etc. Everyone tries to become successful in the field where they work but during Interviews , if you pay Little attention towards these above small things than probably you might have a successful Interview.

Good Luck!

How To Apply For A Job

When you are applying for a job in person, business casual attire is usually appropriate. It is always important to be neat, tidy, and well-groomed and to present a positive image to the employer.

Don't wear jeans or shorts, tank tops, crop tops or anything especially low cut (shirt or pants) or too short (skirt). Make sure your hair and fingernails are well groomed. Wear moderate shoes. Don't wear spike heels, platforms, flip flops, or your favorite pair of old ratty sneakers.

Job Search Engines

Job search engine sites, including Indeed, LinkUp, and Simply Hired, allow users to search the major job sites, company sites, associations and other online job sites by keyword and location.

Here's information on the best job search engines, plus tips for how to use them.

Job Search Engine Sites

Indeed.com

Indeed includes millions of job listings from thousands of web sites, including company career pages, job boards, newspaper classifieds, associations, and blogs. Job seekers may also search job trends and salaries, read and participate in discussion forums, research companies and even find people working for companies of interest through their online social networks.

LinkUp.com

LinkUp is a job search engine that searches jobs on company sites. The job postings are from small, mid-sized, and large company career sections, and are updated whenever the company web site is updated.

SimplyHired.comSimplyHired searches thousands of job boards, classifieds, and company sites. Advanced search options include type of job, type of company, keyword, location and the date the job was posted.

US.jobs

US.jobs lists thousands of jobs directly from company websites and from state job banks. The site is the non profit National Labor Exchange provided by DirectEmployers and The National Association of State Workforce Agencies (NASWA).

Niche Job Search Engine Sites

Niche job search engines search for jobs based on specialized criteria like type of position, career field, or industry, as well as jobs posted on sites like Twitter.

More Job Search Engine Sites

More job search engine sites where you can use a variety of options to search for job listings.

Tips for Using a Job Search Engine

Tips and advice on how to best utilize a job search engine to find job listings that match your skills and interests.

Job Boards

Some of the best job sites are traditional job boards, like Monster and CareerBuilder. Others, like Indeed.com, allow you to search many job boards, company career pages, associations, and other sites that list jobs.

There are also sites that focus on certain types of positions or match you with employers, like Realmatch. All of them are worth incorporating into your job search, because not all employers list on every site, even though it may sometimes seem that way.

Search Jobs at Companies

Company websites are among the best sources of job listings, especially if you know what companies you are interested in working for. You can go directly to the source and search for and apply for jobs online directly on many company websites. At most company sites, you can apply for all level positions online - from part-time hourly jobs to top management positions.

Employers ranging from AT&T to Walmart have jobs online, so does the government (both state and federal), non-profit organizations, and schools.

Getting to the Company Website

There are several ways to find company websites:

Check Company Profiles - these company profiles have career and employment information for many top employers.
Try the Company Name - Many large companies' URLS are the companyname.com, so that's a good option to try.
Google the Company Name and Jobs - Enter the company name plus jobs, such as Walmart jobs, in Google's search box and the jobs section of the website should be among the first results.
Check .Jobs - Companies are using the .jobs extension to direct job seekers directly to their company information. Enter or search for "companyname.jobs" to see if the company you're interested in is using it. Also check US.jobs - you'll be able to search for jobs posted on company websites and jobs listed on state job boards.
Use LinkUp - Job search engine LinkUp searches just for jobs on company web sites.

How to Search Company Websites

Jobs are typically listed in the Careers section of the employer's website. Job and Career information may be in a seperate section (Careers) or could be under the About Us section.

Just about every company has detailed employment information including job openings, an employment application, company locations, benefits, and how to apply online.

Careers Section

The following information is typically available for job seekers:

Career options and career paths
Current job openings
Job search system
Job application forms
Benefits information
Diversity information
College recruiting information

About Us Section

The About Us section of employer web sites is is useful for finding out about the company history, financial stability, products and services, management, as well as information about the company culture and how you will fit in.

Apply for Jobs

When the company lists jobs on its website, you'll find instructions for how to apply for open positions. The job application system will step you the process of applying.

Find More Company Information

Don't stop there. Use the websites that provide company information to further research the company and to find connections who can help you get hired. Those sites include:

Companies Recruitment Procedure

How do companies recruit in a period where technology rules? Recruiting and hiring has changed significantly over the years and continues to evolve as technology changes. It's important for job seekers to be aware of how companies recruit so they can take advantage of the ways that companies are finding qualified applicants to hire.

Recruitment strategies vary. In the past, a company with job openings placed a classified help wanted ad in the newspaper or stuck a help wanted sign on the door. Some employers still do that, but more companies are turning to a multi-faceted approached to recruiting candidates for employment.

Today, companies are using a variety of methods to find and attract applicants including online job boards, social networking sites and Facebook and mobile apps.

Passive vs. Active Recruiting

In some cases, employers passively recruit by simply posting jobs on their company website and waiting for applicants to find the job posting and apply. They don't need to do anything else because of the volume of applications they receive. Other companies are actively recruiting candidates using many different ways to connect with and engage potential employees. Even if they do get many applications they want to be sure they are reaching the best candidates including those who may not be actively seeking employment, but may be interested if they saw a job posting or were recruited.

Recruiting on Company Websites

Many large corporations have more applicants than they can readily manage, so there is no need to advertise extensively for candidates for employment. For example, Southwest Airlines received 193,636 resumes and hired 4,349 new employees in 2011. That's a lot of applicants for every available job. Still, Southwest has a Careers section of the company website with information on jobs, benefits, the company culture, internships and tips on what it's like to work at Southwest. Applicants can apply online by uploading, copying and pasting, or using the resume wizard to get their resume into Southwest's applicant systems.

Reports indicate that Google receives over a million resumes a year and many other major employers receive comparatively large numbers of applications, as well.

If you know of companies where you would like to work, your first step should be to check out the company website to find available openings and apply online. Going directly to the source will get your application in the system fast and you may be able to sign up to be notified of new job openings as soon as they are posted. Here's more on finding and applying for jobs on company websites:

· Jobs on Company Websites

Job Boards

Job boards still play a significant role in company recruiting. Major employers post open positions on job boards like Monster.com, CareerBuilder.com and Dice.com. Job seekers can create a profile on these sites and upload resumes and letters to apply for jobs. In addition, many of the top job boards have mobile apps so you can job search on the fly from your phone or iPad.

· Top Job Boards

Job Search Engines

Job search engines are a good way for job seekers to get job listings fast, because they search many sources where employment opportunities are listed. Even though a job search engine finds many jobs automatically when it searches the Internet, companies use them to recruit directly as well.

For example, US.jobs is a national job search site administered by DirectEmployers, a nonprofit human resources consortium of leading global employers, and the National Association of State Workforce Agencies. Job listings from member companies are posted directly on the US.job sites.

In addition, employers that would like their open positions featured on a job search engine can, for example, tap into LinkUp.com's Recruitment Advertising Solutions to receive premium web placement, feed jobs from the company website to Facebook and take advantage of a variety of other recruiting options. Here's more on the top job search engines and how to use them:

· Job Search Engines

LinkedIn

LinkedIn continues to be the dominant network for professional recruiting with 93% of employers surveyed by Jobvite in 2012 using it to recruit. Of those companies, 89% have made a hire through LinkedIn. LinkedIn's Recruiting Solutions enables companies to easily source candidates, share and advertise jobs on LinkedIn and create company career pages to attract and engage talent.

Job seekers can search for job openings directly on LinkedIn and follow companies to get the latest news and current job openings. To use LinkedIn most effectively, your profile should be carefully optimized so recruiters can find you when they search for qualified candidates. Here's how:

· What to Include in Your LinkedIn Profile

Newspapers

Yes, companies do still place help wanted ads in newspapers and your local paper can be a good source of job listings. You don't have to buy a paper to find the listings. Check online and you'll find classified ads for a variety of local jobs on your newspaper's websites.

Referrals

Employers love referred candidates because the applicant has a recommendation in advance from one of the company's employees. When there's a referral, there is a better chance of getting a qualified candidate because the employee knows the company and the type of person needed for the job.

Plus, referrals streamline the hiring process. In fact, some companies pay bonuses to employees who refer candidates who are hired. For the job seeker, getting a referral from someone who already works at a company can be a great way to get your resume a close look from the hiring manager.

Social Recruiting

The use of social recruiting, which takes place when companies use social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter to advertise job openings and recruit potential employees is continuing to increase. Over 92% of companies plan on recruiting through social media in 2012 and 73% have already successfully hired a candidate through a social network. The top sites for recruiting applicants, aside from LinkedIn, are Facebook and Twitter, with 66% of recruiters using Facebook to find new talent and 54% using Twitter.

Companies, large and small, have Facebook and Twitter pages where you will find company information, job postings, tips and advice for applying and information about what it's like to work for the company. Companies often post open jobs to these sites prior to posting elsewhere, so if you follow the company on Twitter or like it on Facebook, you'll be able to get a head start on getting your application in.

In addition to companies participating in social recruiting efforts, the job boards also have a strong social media presence. Most top sites have Twitter pages where they tweet job openings and career advice. On Facebook, for example, you can use Monster's BeKnown appto view and apply for jobs and review company information. You'll even have an online version of your resume, which can be printed as a PDF to bring to an interview.

· Social Recruiting

Walk-In Applications

Many smaller employers do still hire the old-fashioned way with a sign in the window. If you're interested in a job with a local company, don't hesitate to apply in-person if you see a sign or stop in and ask if the company is hiring if you don't. You have nothing to lose, and a job to gain, by asking a quick question.

Saturday, 13 July 2013

Anna University Curriculum and Syllabus

Curriculum & Syllabus for Affiliated Institutions of Anna University, Chennai.

Curriculum and Syllabus for all streams of UG/PG Degree Programmes of Anna University , Chennai (Full Time & Part Time), has been uploaded in the below given links. Additionally notifications regarding the curriculum and syllabus was also provided for your kind reference. Check the below provided link that will direct you to get the syllabus.

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